Tabernacle Typology 8: Oil

Tabernacle Typology 8: Oil

by | Sep 3, 2024 | Bible Studies, Christological Reflections, God in the Details, Tabernacle Typology, Typology

Ex. 27:20-21: (KJV)

“And thou shalt command the children of Israel, that they bring thee pure oil olive beaten for the light, to cause the lamp to burn always. In the tabernacle of the congregation without the vail, which is before the testimony, Aaron and his sons shall order it from evening to morning before the Lord: it shall be a statute for ever unto their generations on the behalf of the children of Israel.”

The Lord commanded the people of Israel to bring pure, cold-pressed olive oil for the lamps and for the anointing oil (Exodus 30).

To get the oil out of the fruit of the olive tree, the olives were either crushed with a mortar and pestle, or by being trodden with their feet.

The word used here for ‘beaten’ in the Hebrew is ‘Katith’ – which most properly translates as ‘to break into pieces’.

The Encyclopedia Judaicia has the following insights to offer: “The olives were beaten down from the trees with poles (Isa.17:6), and were pounded into pulp in mortars or by the feet (Micah 6:15). The pulp was placed in wicker baskets from which the lightest and finest oil could easily run off This grade of oil, known as beaten oil (Heb. Shenen katit), is mentioned five times in the Bible. It served as fuel for the lamp in the Tabernacle (Exo.27:20; Lev.24:2) and as an element in the obligatory daily meal offerings (Exo.29:40; Num.28:5).”

They used only the finest oil for the lamps. This valuable and labor intensive product was used to keep the lamp burning in the Tabernacle – day and night, night and day – the light never went out.

This meant that the production of oil by the Israelites was an always ongoing process and daily sacrifice.

In the Old Testament, the earliest reference to the olive tree is found in the Noah’s Ark narrative.

Here it represents peace, hope and restoration.

The process through which the oil was procured signifies the sacrifice of Christ – who was bruised – and broken into pieces (‘katith’) for our transgressions. His suffering was the chastisement for our peace.

David speaks about the ‘oil of gladness’ (Psalm 45:7). It is through the beaten oil of Christ that we have much to rejoice about.

The Oil is also representative of the Divinity of Jesus. The fullness of the Godhood within Him – He is the Light of the World stepping down into darkness to illuminate the Way for us – the Way to life.

The oil itself – both in the lamp and the anointing oil – is typical of the Holy Spirit – God within us.

When we turn to Christ as our Lord and Saviour we receive His Spirit – the fire of His presence burning in our hearts.

Much like Aaron and his sons we then have the duty to keep this fire burning through prayer, Bible study and obedience to the Lord and His ways.

Reflect:

1. The production of the oil was a daily sacrifice of time and effort, as was the burning of the lamps. What daily activities should we pursue to keep our lamps burning? What daily sacrifices must we make to make sure there is oil in our spiritual lives?

2. If we make a diligent effort to keep our lamps burning, what will the result be? How does a life full of oil look?

Prayer: Lord, give me oil in my lamp. Keep me burning day and night. Let me be a light to the world around me. Let others see this light and draw near out of the darkness – let them find You Lord. Anoint my lips to speak Your truth. Anoint my hands to pray for people and do good works. In Jesus Name. Amen.

Tabernacle Typology 7: Wood

Tabernacle Typology 7: Wood

by | Aug 28, 2024 | Bible Studies, Christological Reflections, God in the Details, Tabernacle Typology, Typology

Ex. 25:1-9: (KJV)

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, “Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring me an offering: of every man that giveth it willingly with his heart ye shall take my offering.And this is the offering which ye shall take of them; gold, and silver, and brass,And blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen, and goats’ hair,And rams’ skins dyed red, and badgers’ skins, and shittim wood, Oil for the light, spices for anointing oil, and for sweet incense, Onyx stones, and stones to be set in the ephod, and in the breastplate. And let them make me a sanctuary; that I may dwell among them.

Wood from the Shittah Tree – later classified as a type of Acacia – was used in the construction of the Tabernacle. These trees were common in the Sinai Desert and in the Jordan River Valley.

It was a light, but hard and durable wood – known for its strength and its natural resistance to insects and decay.

In ancient Egyptian and Israelite tradition it represented endurance and immortality – because of its evergreen nature.

Because of its resistance to decay it also represented integrity and purity.

It represents the perfection of Jesus and God’s covenant with His people. Strong and unyielding, enduring and steadfast.

The shittim wood symbolizes Jesus as the Holy One of God who saw no corruption. (Psalm 16:10). It typifies His purity, where He was likewise to His brethren, but without sin. (Heb 4:15)

Jesus was in the desert – much like the Shittim trees that grow in the Wilderness  – and did not bend, nor did He break when faced with temptation.

Just like these trees grow in desolate and dry places – providing shade from the desert sun – so Jesus is our shelter in the wilderness – our covering.

Another interesting ‘point’ – mind the pun – has to do with the thorny nature of the tree. As Charles Loder shares: “shittîym comes from שׁטֵט shôtêt “to pierce” (Strong’s #7850), for Christians, therefore, Shittim may hint to the piercing of Christ on the cross and his crown of thorns. The root verb also means to whip and scourge, another feature of Christ’s trial and crucifixion.” 

A last inference I would like to share comes from the fact that the shittah tree is a source of gum arabic – which is used for a variety of products, but also has medicinal effects.

Just like medicine can be taken from this tree, so also healing is found in Christ. 

He is our healer, our shelter – the One pierced for our transgressions and scourged for our iniquity – the Mighty One who saves. He is our strength in weakness. The Perfect and Spotless Lamb of God, incorruptible and holy. Steadfast and unchanging – His love is unyielding and eternal. 

Reflect:

  1. How does the Shittim wood and the symbolism thereof speak of Christ in us? What does this mean in the life of the believer?
  2. What does it mean to be incorruptible? How much of this quality do you possess? Is there any way in which we  – through the practice of Spiritual Disciplines – can bolster our faith to be more resistant to drought, decay and the insects of temptation?

Prayer: Lord, be my strength in weakness. Just like shittim wood is strong and resistant to decay, strengthen me against temptation, keep me standing in times of trouble, and preserve me in trial and tribulation so that I may endure to the very end and have eternity with You. Let me find rest in Your unfailing and unyielding love. Be my shelter in the wilderness of life and let me abide in You forever. In Jesus Name. Amen.

Tabernacle Typology Part 6: Coverings

Tabernacle Typology Part 6: Coverings

by | Aug 21, 2024 | Bible Studies, Christological Reflections, God in the Details, Tabernacle Typology, Typology

Tabernacle Typology 6: Coverings

Ex. 25:1-9: (KJV)

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, “Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring me an offering: of every man that giveth it willingly with his heart ye shall take my offering.And this is the offering which ye shall take of them; gold, and silver, and brass,And blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linen, and goats’ hair,And rams’ skins dyed red, and badgers’ skins, and shittim wood, Oil for the light, spices for anointing oil, and for sweet incense, Onyx stones, and stones to be set in the ephod, and in the breastplate. And let them make me a sanctuary; that I may dwell among them.

Much like these temples made of flesh and bone that we inhabit, the Tabernacle was likewise covered with skins and hair.

God instructs Moses to use Goat’s Hair, Ram’s Skin and Badger Skin in the construction of the Tabernacle.

From outside the Tabernacle, then, would’ve looked like any other tent – just like Jesus, taking on flesh, would look like any other man. The rather mundane coverings hid from view the Holy and the Divine within.

In Isaiah 53 we read: “He had no beauty or majesty to attract us to him, nothing in his appearance that we should desire him. He was despised and rejected by mankind, a man of suffering, and familiar with pain. Like one from whom people hide their faces he was despised, and we held him in low esteem.” (Isaiah 53:2-3, NIV)

The coverings also speak of Jesus in other ways:

Goat’s Hair: This hair was woven by women into yarn (Ex. 35:26), making a hard-wearing material most suitable as a tent-covering.

In Matthew 25:32, a description of the Last Judgement, we find goats and sheep being separated from one another, the sheep signifying the righteous, whilst the goat’s were emblematic of the unrighteous. On the cross, Jesus was our scapegoat (Leviticus 16), taking all our transgressions upon Himself, taking all the blame for us. God revealed Himself in the likeness of sin, He revealed Himself in the likeness of unrighteousness to condemn it, and set us free (Rom 8:3). Thus it typifies Christ coming in the likeness of sinful flesh to defeat death and break the bonds of sin.

Ram’s Skins: Dyed red after they had been prepared.

Christ is called the Lamb of God, signifying His pure and spotless life, as well as His gentleness and meekness, the love that defined every deed, every act and every word to come from Him. The ram however signifies the strength of His public testimony, His steadfastness and resolve.

It also signifies the covenant made with Abraham – the fact that Jesus would take our place on the Cross. The Ram’s skins were dyed red, typifying how Jesus sealed the testimony in His blood, how the new covenant in His blood was made.

Sealskins: Or ‘badgers’ skins’. The Hebrew word Tachash – translated here as Badger Skins and Seal Skins in other versions of the text – has been the subject of much debate over the years. Jewish legend explains it as a unique animal, which existed only in the time of Moses.

Dr. Terry Harman shares the following thought: “If the tachash was a mysterious animal that only lived during the construction of the Tabernacle, then the Lord provided it and the people of God used it to glorify the Lord and the dwelling place of the Shekinah because it was a “one of a kind,” fit for the King of Kings and it will always remain a mystery.”

The Badger’s Skins are emblematic of strength and endurance. It was the external covering of the Tabernacle, probably hinting at the outer, or physical appearance of Jesus. Jesus was a carpenter (Mark 6:3), and thus it’s probably not too farfetched to assume that He might’ve had a rather rugged appearance. The fact remains that many who looked at Jesus only saw the uncomely badger’s skin of the Christ – and could not recognize that which was under the skin.

The badger’s skins typify Christ as a pilgrim, a sojourner in this world. An outcast, if you will, meant not for this life, but for the glory that was, and is, and always will be His!

Reflect:

1. In meditating on the above, on the coverings of skin and hair – how does it speak about the life of the Believer in Christ?

2. Many did not recognize the beauty of the Messiah. Thinking back on your own life, what is it that attracted you to Christ? How has your thinking and vision of Him changed as you have ventured deeper into the Sanctuary of relationship with Him?

Prayer: Lord, I pray that my relationship with You will always be more than just skin deep. I pray that You will take me deeper – deeper into the Sanctuary of Your Presence. Expand my vision of You and Your Kingdom – and guide my steps as a pilgrim and sojourner in this world – that I might be a testimony of Your strength and steadfast love. In Jesus Name. Amen.

Walking With Jesus 3: The Wild Things (Mark 1:12-13)

Walking With Jesus 3: The Wild Things (Mark 1:12-13)

by | Aug 19, 2024 | Bible Studies, Christological Reflections, God in the Details, Walking With Jesus

“At once the Spirit sent him out into the wilderness,and he was in the wilderness forty days, being tempted by Satan. He was with the wild animals, and angels attended him.”

Mark 1:12-13, NIV

After His baptism Jesus is sent to the wilderness. The other narratives found in Luke and Matthew give us a lot more detail regarding the temptations that Jesus had to face.

Mark on the other hand, strikingly keeps it short – so short that if you’re not careful you might miss it.

Mark only gives us five points in these 2 verses.

  1. Jesus is sent out by the Holy Spirit into the wilderness (Matthew 4:
  2. He spends forty days in the wilderness.
  3. He is tempted by Satan.
  4. There are wild animals.
  5. And angels attended Him.

When we look at the narratives in the other Gospels (Matt 4 and Luke 4) we find that all these points are there as well – except for one.

Mark chooses to specifically mention that Jesus was in the wilderness with the wild animals.

The word used in the Greek to describe these animals is ‘thérion’ – translated in the King James Version as ‘wild beasts’ it more properly and specifically indicates a brutal, savage and ferocious creature.

A few things come to mind.

First of all is the idea that the wilderness is a dangerous place – full of wild, feral things.

Yet Jesus makes His journey unscathed – unafraid – and victorious.

He makes it through safely and soundly.

In Isaiah 35 we read about the highway – the Way of Holiness that runs through the desolate wilderness of this life – and in verse 9: 

No lion will be there,
   nor any ravenous beast;
   they will not be found there.
But only the redeemed will walk there, (NIV)

Where Jesus is, the wild things are kept at bay.

He is our shield. He is our protection. He is the Hand of God upon our lives.

But it doesn’t stop there.

The wilderness is a desolate place, a barren place.

Isaiah 35:1-2: 

The desert and the parched land will be glad;
 the wilderness will rejoice and blossom.
Like the crocus, 2 it will burst into bloom;
    it will rejoice greatly and shout for joy.
The glory of Lebanon will be given to it,
    the splendor of Carmel and Sharon;
they will see the glory of the Lord,
    the splendor of our God. (NIV)

We see, here in Isaiah, a story of transformation and change. The parched land becomes glad. The wilderness rejoices and blossoms.

In Ezekiel 34 we see a similar promise. The Lord promises the coming of ‘a second David’. We read in verse 25: “‘I will make a covenant of peace with them and rid the land of savage beasts so that they may live in the wilderness and sleep in the forests in safety.”

We see in the Book of Mark a compelling narrative of transformation and renewal – similar to those found in the prophetic passages above. We see exorcisms and deliverance taking place, we see healing, we see restoration – we see Jesus coming into the fray to ‘tie up the strong man’ (Mark 3) – those things that seek to attack the mind, the body and the soul. 

He does so without fear, confronting the spiritual forces of darkness and evil with boldness and power – driving the ‘wildness’ out of a man in the synagogue (Mark 1:21-26). He is found driving the ‘wildness’ out of the man in Gadara (Mark 5:1-20). 

Jesus comes to restore creation.

His creation.

This is what Mark is hinting at. He shows us a Jesus who walks amidst the feral things, the wild things – and brings them to peace. There is no bloodshed with Jesus in the wilderness. He walks through unharmed.

And He shows us the Way of Holiness: Jesus resisting the temptations that the Devil throws at Him. 

When we walk through the desolate places – the wilderness places – surrounded by the brutal, savage, wild things of this world – we are not walking alone. Jesus has gone before us. He is there with us through the indwelling of His Spirit – to guide us through, to lead us onward through the desolation upon that road where there is no lion, where the ravenous beast does not come.

And as long as we walk upon the Way – the Way He came to show us – resisting the Devil, standing firm in our faith and pursuing holiness – as long as we follow Jesus, not looking to the left or the right, our hearts set upon His Way and His Way set within our hearts – the wild things will not devour us.

The wild things of sin and shame will not devour us.

The wildness will be driven out of us by the peace that comes from His presence in our lives.

Reflect:

  1. What are some of the wild things you have encountered in your life? How has Jesus banished them from your land?
  2. Read James 4:4-10. What does it mean to walk on the Way that Jesus has prepared? What does resisting temptation look like? How do we pursue holiness in our daily coming and going in the wilderness of this life?

Prayer: Lord, You are my source and shield. Your hand rests upon me. I pray that You will be with me in the wilderness of this world today and that Your presence will keep the wild things, the brutal things, the ravenous things at a distance. Shut the mouth of the roaring lion that seeks only to devour. Quiet the growling of the enemy. Let Your Word be a light unto my feet today. Help me Lord to submit to You fully – to live a life of purity, obedience and holiness. Help me not look to the left or the right, but give me the wisdom to keep my eyes and my heart set upon You. Keep me from temptation, keep me on Your Way – strengthen me through Your presence. Give me strength to stand strong against the onslaught of the enemy. Let me enter this day boldly, knowing that You are with me. In Jesus Name. Amen.

 

Walking With Jesus: The Baptism of Jesus (Mark 1:3-11)

Walking With Jesus: The Baptism of Jesus (Mark 1:3-11)

by | Aug 12, 2024 | Bible Studies, Christological Reflections, God in the Details, Walking With Jesus

“A voice of one calling:
“In the wilderness prepare
the way for the Lord;
make straight in the desert
a highway for our God.”

Isaiah 40:3, NIV

Mark begins his Gospel account by introducing us to a pretty radical, strange man, called John. 

John the Baptist.

In Mark 1:3: says that John the Baptist appeared in the wilderness, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.

Mark describes John as wearing clothing made of camel’s hair with a belt of leather. This in itself seems wild enough – but when taken in context, we see a definite parallel with the appearance of Elijah (2 Kings 1:7-8:)

In addition to this both preached a message of repentance and turning back to God for forgiveness of their sins.

There are other interesting similarities. For example the fact that both had their lives sought by wicked queens (1 Kings 19, Matthew 14), ate food provided by God in the wilderness (Mark 1:6, 1 Kings 17), confronted idolatry (1 Kings 18, Luke 3),  and both lived in the wilderness and ministered near the Jordan River.

The most important similarity between them, however, is that each in his own right was the only acting prophet of the Lord when the began their ministries.

In 1 Kings 18:22 we read: Then Elijah said to them, “I am the only one of the Lord’s prophets left, but Baal has four hundred and fifty prophets.”

And in Luke 1:76-79: “And you, my child, will be called a prophet of the Most High;
for you will go on before the Lord to prepare the way for him…”

John the Baptist starts his ministry after more or less 400 years of prophetic silence, following the death of Malachi. This silent period is known as the ‘Intertestamental Period’.

Suddenly, after 400 years, God anoints his servant to speak again! God anoints this wild-man prophet to prepare the way for the coming of Christ and His Kingdom.

The water baptism of John was a new thing – a unique thing. David Guzik shares the following thought: “Baptism was already practiced in the Jewish community in the form of ceremonial immersions but typically it was only among Gentiles who wished to become Jews. For a Jew in John’s day to submit to baptism was essentially to say, “I confess that I am as far away from God as a Gentile and I need to get right with Him.” This was a real work of the Holy Spirit.”

The baptism of John in the wilderness was a prophetic reflection of the new movement God was birthing in the world – a preparing of the ground – the preparation of their hearts to receive the Gospel of Jesus Christ.

The first purpose of his baptism therefore was to prepare the way for Christ.

The second purpose of the baptism was to reveal Christ. (Mark 1:9-11).

At the Baptism of Jesus we read that the Heavens were torn open. The same verb is used to describe what happens to the Temple Veil when Jesus gives His last breath upon the cross.

The author Don Juel shares his impression: “What does the tearing mean? It may mean, as interpreted in the Letter to the Hebrews (esp. chapters 9-10), that we now have access to God: We can “have confidence to enter the sanctuary by the blood of Jesus” (Heb. 10:19).  Viewed from another perspective, the image may suggest that the protecting barriers are gone and that God, unwilling to be confined to sacred spaces, is on the loose in our own realm.  If characters in the story find Jesus’ ministry threatening, then they may have good reason.  The imagery has enormous power to shape imagination and to open readers to the story.  That is, Mark’s narrative is about the intrusion of God into a world that has become alien territory — An intrusion that means both life and death.” (Donald Juel, A Master of Surprise,)

It is here, in verses 9-11, that we see that God has stepped into our realm of flesh and blood. That God Himself has come to work on our behalf – to prepare a way for us towards salvation – God Himself has come to prepare the way of reconciliation – and to show us this way.

God Himself is taking action.

And He wants to take action in your life today.

Reflect:

  1. John came preaching a message of repentance. The Gospel as a whole is focused on repentance – on turning away from the world, and towards Him. Is there any area of your life that requires a turning towards God today?

  2. What do the words “God on the loose” awaken in you? What would it look like to have “God on the loose” in your life? What would it look like to have “God on the loose” through you? How will this affect and reflect in your life today?

Prayer: Lord, I want to invite you today, through Your Holy Spirit, to move in me and through me. If there is anything in my life that is out of order, anything that should be removed – any area of my life that needs to turn towards You, show me and give me the wisdom to act – let no stone be left unturned. And as I turn, wholly and fully towards You, let my life be a reflection of the life You gave – direct me in all my ways and ordain every step I take, so that the world might see You ‘on the loose’ in my life. In Jesus name. Amen.